Background of the Study
Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is a neonatal care method that involves skin-to-skin contact between a mother and her preterm infant. This technique has been proven to improve the survival rates, growth, and development of preterm and low-birth-weight babies by providing warmth, improving breastfeeding success, and promoting bonding (Okonkwo et al., 2024). In high-risk environments like Kaduna State, where neonatal care facilities may be inadequate, KMC offers an affordable and accessible solution for improving the care of preterm babies, especially in community and rural settings.
Nurses, as key healthcare providers in neonatal care, play a crucial role in promoting and implementing KMC practices. They educate mothers on the benefits of skin-to-skin contact, ensure that KMC is practiced in hospitals and homes, and support families through follow-up care. However, despite the significant benefits of KMC, there is limited research on the extent of nurses’ involvement in promoting and providing KMC, particularly in northern Nigeria. This study seeks to evaluate the role of nurses in promoting KMC and assess how their efforts impact neonatal health outcomes in Kaduna State.
Statement of the Problem
In Kaduna State, preterm births are a significant cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, and while KMC has been identified as an effective intervention, nurses' roles in promoting its practice have not been thoroughly examined. This study aims to explore how nurses contribute to the uptake of KMC and the subsequent outcomes for preterm babies.
Objectives of the Study
1. To evaluate the role of nurses in promoting Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) for preterm babies in Kaduna State.
2. To assess the impact of nurses’ interventions on the uptake and effectiveness of KMC in improving neonatal outcomes.
3. To identify the barriers and challenges faced by nurses in promoting KMC in Kaduna State.
Research Questions
1. How do nurses promote Kangaroo Mother Care for preterm babies in Kaduna State?
2. What impact do nurses’ interventions have on the uptake and effectiveness of KMC in improving neonatal outcomes?
3. What barriers do nurses face in promoting and implementing KMC in Kaduna State?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurses play a significant role in promoting the practice of Kangaroo Mother Care for preterm babies in Kaduna State.
2. Nurses’ interventions significantly improve the uptake and effectiveness of Kangaroo Mother Care in improving neonatal health outcomes in Kaduna State.
3. Barriers such as lack of training, inadequate resources, and cultural resistance hinder the effective promotion of Kangaroo Mother Care by nurses in Kaduna State.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on evaluating the role of nurses in promoting Kangaroo Mother Care for preterm babies in Kaduna State. Limitations may include difficulties in gathering accurate data on KMC practices, variability in nurses' training and practices, and challenges in measuring the long-term outcomes of KMC interventions.
Definitions of Terms
• Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC): A method of caring for preterm or low-birth-weight babies by placing them skin-to-skin with the mother to provide warmth and promote bonding, breastfeeding, and overall health.
• Nurses' Role: The responsibilities and actions of nurses in promoting and facilitating KMC, including education, support, and follow-up care.
• Preterm Babies: Babies born before 37 weeks of gestation, who are at increased risk of health complications.
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